篇一：夫子庙导游词(1)(1)
夫子庙
1，景点概况—1分钟30秒
（秦淮河简介、夫子庙景区特色和历史沿革、5A级景区等） 说起夫子庙，我们还得先来谈谈南京的母亲河—秦淮河。秦淮河古称淮水，本名“龙藏浦”，是南京地区的主要河道。它从东水关入城，从西水关出城，流经夫子庙前的这一段长约十公里，因此被称为“十里秦淮”。从古至今，秦淮河的两岸就是一派繁华的景象，唐人杜牧的诗是这样说的：烟笼寒水月笼沙，夜泊秦淮近酒家，商女不知亡国恨，隔江犹唱后庭花。一首诗说尽了秦淮河的繁华。
庙市合一是夫子庙景区最显著的特点之一。广场纵向为庙，横向为市，庙市合一，独具氛围。东晋年间，朝廷在这里兴建了学宫；宋代在东晋学宫的旧址上扩建了夫子庙；南宋又开设了科举考场——贡院。因此，夫子庙景区共包括孔庙、学宫、贡院三大建筑群。然而，夫子庙在历史上曾经五毁五建，最后一次是在1937年毁于侵华日军的战火，今天的夫子庙是1984年以后重建的。经南京市政府的大力建设，夫子庙－秦淮风光带已成为展现江南特有风貌的一处国家5A级风景名胜区。
2，庙前广场—2分钟
（大照壁的体量及作用、泮池的由来及作用、文德桥及“文德分月”奇景、
魁星阁，天下文枢坊，聚星亭及棂星门简介）
各位游客，我们现在来到了孔庙前的广场。大家看到的这堵红墙称为照壁，气势磅礴，为全国照壁之最。照壁起遮蔽和装饰作用，是整个夫子庙建筑群的开始。它长 110米，高10米，代表着南京的母亲河秦淮河全长110公里，流经夫子庙前的内秦淮段全长十华里。
照壁前方这个半圆形的池子为泮池，南京夫子庙是利用秦淮河的天然河道作为泮池的。古时候孔庙也叫泮宫，庙前半圆形的水池就这样被称为泮池了。西侧的这座桥叫文德桥，因儒家提倡文章道德而得名。相传，每年的农历11月15日晚，每当月到中天的时候，以此桥为界，月亮的影子被平分为两半，这一奇景就是著名的文德分月。（古有在学府前建泮池能振兴学业之说，许多孔庙、文庙、学宫前也都驻有泮池。）
广场东边临秦淮河而立的亭是魁星阁，三层六面。里面原来供奉奎星的画像，魁星是天上主宰文运之星，古代参加科举的文人士子喜欢在考试之前来此，以借文气，期盼科举夺魁。
迎面这个大牌坊，是“天下文枢”坊，造型为仿古三门四柱，斗拱托顶，它的意思就是说这里是天下文化的中心（因为这里是孔庙的所在）。
广场西侧的聚星亭，六角飞檐、古朴大方，外表看双重飞檐翘角，貌似两层结构，其实只有一层，亭名取群星聚集、人才荟萃之意。（魁星阁与聚星亭东西犄角相望，互为呼应，融为一体。）
庙前广场北面的石砌坊门，是孔庙第一道大门——棂星门，六柱三门，古朴优美，中间横楣刻有篆文“棂星门”。（棂星是古代天文学中的“文星”，取名之由是要表示天下文人学士集学于此的意思。）这是皇帝祭孔的仪门。
庙（1分钟、2分钟、1分钟）
3，大成门、露台—1分钟）
（大成门涵义、甬道及孔子门生塑像、廊庑及书者的人名、露台规模，用
途及陈设、孔子青铜像）
各位游客，走过棂星门，便是孔庙的正门，叫大成门。因为孔子对中国文化做了集大成的贡献，所以叫做大成门。横额 “夫子庙”是赵朴初先生手书，直额“大成门”是我国前外交部部长姬鹏飞所提写的。（门内有南京夫子庙卧碑一块，背面有《重修夫子庙记》碑文）。甬道两边有孔子八位弟子的汉白玉塑像，两侧碑廊内有赵朴初、林散之等书法名家的墨宝。
甬道的尽头是露台，是举行祭祀和歌舞的地方。它高1.4米，东西长21.8米，南北宽14米，围以石栏，正中有二龙戏珠丹陛石，两侧立有石灯。露台正中是一尊孔子的铜像，前方设有铁香炉，上面刻的“至圣先师”是对孔子的尊称。铜像高4.18米，重2.37吨，是全国孔庙中最大的一尊孔子铜像。
4，大成殿—2分钟
（大成殿的规模及建筑特色、大成殿的用途及内部陈设、仿吴道子孔子像，孔子圣迹图）
在铜像的后面是夫子庙的主体建筑大成殿。大成殿为重檐歇山顶仿古建筑，海蓝色竖匾上有大成殿三个大字。大殿高16.2米，东西长27.3米，进深为20.9米，是按照清同治年间的形式复建的。在屋顶正脊上有二龙戏珠的立体砖雕，雕刻十分精美。屋面覆盖青色小瓦所体现的轻灵秀美之势，(与北方孔庙屋面采用黄色琉璃瓦的富丽恢弘之势明显不一样，更显得随和、入俗)。
大成殿是祭祀孔子的地方。进入大成殿，迎面看到孔子巨幅画像。这幅孔子巨幅画像，它高6.5米，宽3.15米，是现代画家王宏喜先生按照唐代吴道子的画本绘制完成的，也是我国最大的一副孔子画像。画像的上方的三块匾额分别是康熙，乾隆，和光绪三位皇帝亲笔书写的，画像下方有孔子神像和牌位，两侧立有四尊汉白玉雕像，他们是孔子的门生——曾参、颜回、孔子的孙子孔汲，再传弟子孟子，这四位被尊称为四亚圣。前面还摆放着编钟、古筝等古代乐器，是祭祀孔子的时候所用。两边的楹联是由乾隆皇帝题写的。
在大成殿的四周墙壁上悬挂了38幅反映孔子生平事迹的镶嵌壁画，称《孔子圣迹图》，这是浙江的200多工匠花了三年多的时间，用鸡血石，玛瑙、黄金、珠宝等名贵的材料雕刻而成的。生动描绘了孔子万世师表的光辉一生。总投资580万元人民币。(画面采用中国古典全景式构图方式，做工精细，色泽自然，富有立体感，给人以逼真神奇之感。每幅面高2.5米，宽1.3米，画中共有人物408位，造型面目自然、栩栩如生。)
（殿内最高处还有《万世师表》、《与天地参》、《斯文在兹》三块匾额，分别是康熙、乾隆、光绪三位皇帝题写的。其它的匾额也是由清代的皇帝和民国时的政要人物如黎元洪，蒋介石等人题写的。）
5,碑刻—1分钟
（玉兔泉点到即可、五块古碑的名称）
穿过大成殿，殿外有复原的宋代开凿的玉兔泉古井，井畔立有一块《筹措朝考盘费碑》，记录了两江总督李鸿章，左宗棠捐助考生进京会试费用的一段历史。
大家请看，另一侧还有四块古碑，其中最著名的就是刻于南朝时期的《孔子问礼图碑》，记载了春秋末期奴隶制度即将瓦解之际，孔子为维护奴隶制度从鲁国到周天子所生活的洛阳寻访典章制度，向老子请教问礼，寻求巩固鲁国奴隶主政权办法的经历。碑的上半部有“孔子问礼图，吴敬恒题”的题字。这块碑已有1500多年的历史，图文仍清晰可辨，是难得的珍贵文物。旁边三块是刻于元朝的《集庆孔子庙碑》、《封四氏碑》和《封至圣夫人碑》。这三块石碑是南京市仅存的三款元代石碑，其历史价值不可估量。
A线——学宫（30秒、1分钟30秒、1分钟）
6，学宫大门—30秒
（大门内外所悬匾额的名称及书者）
出了大成殿我们便来到了学宫的大门，明朝初年，这里曾为大明国子监的所在地，门额上悬挂了 “大明国子学”牌匾，是由清朝的两江总督曾国藩亲笔题写的。门内还有一块横额，是由清代乾隆年间文武双科状元秦大士题写的“东南第一学”，这些题词无不显示了学宫的崇高地位。
7,明德堂—1分钟30秒
（明德堂的名称由来及用途、仰圣亭和习礼亭的名称）
各位游客，我们现在看到明德堂是学宫的主体建筑。当年只有参加院试后的童生，民间俗称秀才，才有资格进入学宫学习。明德堂是学子们在新入学的第一天行拜师礼的地方，在全国其他孔庙的学宫都叫明伦堂，为什么这里却叫明德堂呢？南宋时期这学宫的建筑在重修时，刚刚建成的大殿还差一块匾额。刚好文天祥北上抗元经过这里，大伙就请他题匾。文天祥就题下了明德堂三个字，代表的是忠信，也就是忠于国家，取信与民。为了纪念抗元英雄文天祥，我们就将明德堂的名字沿用至今。现在的明德堂已辟为为“雅乐宫”，是演奏雅乐的地方。
在学宫的院内有两座亭，东侧为习礼亭，西侧为仰圣亭。习礼亭里面摆放的是礼运钟,钟高2.55米，上面还铸有儒家经典《礼运，大同篇》；仰圣亭中摆放的是圣音鼓，上刻《论语》中有关教育语录16条，如“三人行，必有我师焉”、“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆”。 仰圣亭和习礼亭是为了纪念孔子诞辰2550周年而修建的。
8，尊经阁及其周边—1分钟
（建筑特点及用途、“尊经阁”匾额的书写者、尊经阁周围建筑的名称） 在明德堂的后面还有新复建的尊经阁，始建于明朝中期，阁为三层，歇山顶，上面悬挂的檐匾是江苏著名女书法家萧娴题写的“尊经阁”三字，原先这里楼上是摆放儒家的经典书籍，楼下是教谕讲授功课的地方，现在开辟为“夫子庙民间艺术大观园”，里面展出了南京云锦、金箔、秦淮灯彩等南京首批国家级非物质文化遗产。
尊经阁东原先有供奉孔子父母牌位的建筑崇圣祠，还有一座青云楼，是供奉历代督学使的祠堂和学宫秀才阅览经书的地方。现已改为他用。阁后有一座小山，名叫卫山，山上的亭子叫敬一亭，是原先文人举子们登高览胜的地方，现在成为了供游客驻足、休憩的场所。
9，其他（1分钟）
各位游客，白天的夫子庙繁华热闹，而晚上的夫子庙更是流光溢彩。早在南北朝时，秦淮河上就有金陵灯会，明朝时更是达到了顶峰。桨声灯影里的秦淮河，可谓天下一绝。建国以后，每年的正月，夫子庙的大街小巷、店堂铺面、河房屋顶都挂满了各式各样的彩灯，前来观赏的人群络绎不绝，熙熙攘攘，其规模之大、
延续时间之长、灯彩式样之多，在全国同类灯会中均名列前茅。
今天的夫子庙沿袭了“青砖小瓦马头墙、回廊挂落花隔窗”的徽派建筑风格，游客来到这里，不仅能够领略传统文化，还能品尝独具特色的秦淮风味小吃；探寻秦淮八艳的传奇故事；乘上秦淮画舫饱览两岸风光；或者去探寻乌衣巷、王谢古居、李香君故居、桃叶渡的名人遗踪，都是赏心乐事。 各位游客朋友们，今天的夫子庙之行到此就结束了，欢迎大家的下次光临！谢谢大家！
B线——贡院（1分钟30秒、1分钟、1分钟30秒）
6，前街、明远楼—1分钟30秒
篇二：夫子庙导游词
南京夫子庙导游词英文考试版
(2008-07-30 16:27:03)
Confucius[k?n’fu∫j?s 孔子] temple[templ寺庙 ] & the Qinhuai river scenic[si:nik风光] area[ε? ri? 地带]
孔庙和秦淮河风光带
1:The Confucius temple, located [lou?keitid位于]at the Qinhuai River scenic[si:nik风景的] area, 孔庙位于秦淮河风光带
2:is a well-known tourist resort[ri?zэ:t常去度假的地方 ] of the ancient capital Nanjing . 她是古都南京闻名的旅游度假地。
3the river banks of Qinhuai are known for Confucius Temple秦淮河因孔庙而闻名。 4and jointly[ d3эintli连带地] called the Confucius temple area.因此也叫夫子庙地区。 5the Confucius temple is no doubt the most famous.孔庙无疑是最著名的
6The temple is the place for people to pay worship to Confucius.庙是供人们崇拜孔子的地方 7:The Confucius temple here in Nanjing was first built in 1034孔庙在南京第一次建于1034。 8and rebuilt[ri:blt重建] in 1986重建于1986年
9The temple we often mentioned should include three architectural complexes[kэmpleks群，综合体]:我们常提的孔庙应该包括三个建筑群：
10the temple of Confucius with the hall of great achievements[??t∫i:vm?nt大成] as the main [mein主要的]body,孔庙及主体建筑大成殿
11the palace of learning and the imperial examination center.学宫和国家考试中心。 12As early as in 337 A.D.早在公元337年
13but at that time there was only the palace of learning without the Confucius temple.那时仅有学宫，没有孔庙。
14The temple was built up and extended[ikstendid扩大] on the basis of the palace of learning until 1034.直到1034年孔庙才在学宫的基础上建立和扩大起来
15The Confucius temple complex[复杂] covers the pan pool, screen wall, the gateway[通道] of all scholars,孔庙综合包括：泮池、照壁、天下文枢坊、
16juxing[聚星] pavilion[p??vilj?n亭], Kuixing[魁星] pavilion, Lingxing[灵星 ] gate,
17the hall of great achievements and the gate etc[ =et cetera等et?set?r? ].大成殿和大成门等等。 18As the Confucius temple in qufu，Shandong province在山东省曲阜的孔庙 19is built by the side of the pan river,是建在泮水之滨的
20all the temples of Confucius in the country所有全国的孔庙
21are built at the riverside都建在河边
22and the water in front of Confucius temple is called pan pool.孔庙前面的水叫泮池。 23And this has become a custom[惯例] through long usage[惯用法]这形成了长期的惯例。 24this Confucius temple makes the natural stream[stri：m流动] of the Qinhuai river as its pan pool,这里的夫子庙把秦淮河流动的水作为它的泮池
25which is also called the pool of crescent[kresnt新月] moon “by the local people.当地的人们把它叫着月牙池
26Standing at the southern bank of the pan pool is the screen[屏] wall,泮池南边站立的是照壁 27which is 110 meters long and 10 meters high.它110米长，10米高
28it ranks top among all the screen walls across the county.它位于全国所有照壁之冠 29The wall was built in 1575 and newly renovated [?ren?,veit重做]in 1984 .
这个照壁建于1575年，近来重建于1984年
30the function of the wall照壁的功能
31was to indicate that the Confucius?s learning was too profound[pr?faund渊博] to be understood by common[kэm?n普通] folks.[民众]是表明孔子渊博的学问被普通百姓所接受 另一功能是遮挡住寺庙的主体建筑 of its grandeur[?gr?n dЗ?辉煌] and magnificence[庄严] 以便给人们一个它辉煌而庄严的印象
34The gateway[入口处] of all scholars was first built in 1586 in an imitation[imitei∫?n仿制] of that in Qufu.天下文枢坊始建于1586年仿曲阜天下文枢坊，
35The meaning of the structure[strΛk t∫?] was to refer[rif?：归于] to Confucius as the hub[hΛb中心] of all writings and ethics[eθiks道德] in ancient times.
它结构的意思是所有文章和道德的中心都归于孔子。
36lingxing gate is also called the gate of etiquette[eti?ket礼仪]棂星门又叫礼仪门
37specially built for emperors to offer sacrifice[s?krifais祭祀] to Confucius .
它是专为皇帝祭祀孔子而建的
38the gate built in front of Confucius temple它建于孔庙前
39implies the meaning of它的寓意是
40“people of talent coming forth[fэ：θ涌现] in large numbers大量人才涌现
41and stability of the country.”国家稳定
42Dacheng gate or the gate of great achievements[?t∫ivm?nt达成]大成门或集大成的门， 43is also called halberd[h?b?d戟] gate, 又叫戟门
44which is the front door of the Confucius temple.它是孔庙的前门
45As Confucius epitomized Chinese culture, [ipit?maiz作为缩影]作为中国文化的宿影的孔子 46he was posthumously[pэstjum?死后] granted[gra：ntid假定] the title[taitl称号] of super saint[seint圣徒] Confucius.他死后被授予至圣先师的称号
47In the entrance hall[门厅] of the gate there are four old stone tablets [t?blit碑]:
在大门的入口门厅有四块古石碑
48The tablets of Confucius asking laozi of the ethical[eθiks道德] codes[koud经].[孔子问礼图碑] 一是孔子请教老子道德经的图碑
49It was made in 484 A.D. during the southern dynasty它是刻于南朝公元484年
50recorded[rekэ：d记录] on the tablet is the personal[p?s?nl个人] experience[ikspi?ri?ns经验] of Confucius on his visit to Luoyang,碑上记录的是孔子去洛阳访问的经验
51the capital of the eastern zhou dynasty in 518 B.C.在公元前518年东周王朝首都
52where Confucius made investigations[investingei∫?n研究] on the system of
institutions[institju：∫?n制度] of the zhou孔子研究了周王朝制度
53and went in quest[kwest寻找] of the ways of how to prosper[prэsp?繁荣] and
stabilize[steibilaiz稳定] the country去寻找了如何繁荣和稳定国家的方法
54and of how to consolidate[k?nsэlideit联合] the power of slave owners in the lu state[steit国家].如何在鲁国联合奴隶主的力量
55The tablet of jiqing Confucius temple.[集庆孔庙碑]
56In 1308 when the yuan dynasty reigned[rein统治] over the country,1308年，元朝统治全国 57emperor wuzong issued[i∫iu发布] an imperial edict[i：dikt布告]武宗皇帝发布了圣旨 58”take education as the state administration[?dministre∫?n管理] of the empire[empai?皇权]”
以兴学作士为王政
59In the next fall when the Confucius temple started to be rebuilt, 第二年孔庙开始被重建 60lu zhi wrote an inscription[inskrip∫?n碑文] for the tablet.卢挚为碑撰写了碑文
61but the tablet was not made right away until 22 years later in 1330.
当时没有勒石，直到22年后在1330年
62In the xianfeng years of the qing dynasty, the Confucius temple was burnt down in a war 清朝咸丰年，在战争中被毁，
63and the tablet was missing[misiη失踪]此碑失踪。.
64during the reconstruction of the Confucius temple in 1986, the tablet happened to be unearthed[Λn??：θ发掘] from the underground1986年复建文庙时碑在地下被发现
65The tablet of the four saints[封四圣碑]
66In 1331 emperor wenzong of the yuan dynasty granted [gra：ntid加封]the four
disciples[di?sai?pl门徒] of Confucius在1331年元朝文宗皇帝加封孔子的四个门徒 67Yanhui, zengshen, kongji and mengke as 4 saints second to Confucius
颜回、曾参、孔伋和孟轲为四亚圣
68and they were carved on a stone tablet to inform the whole country.以此刻在石碑上告知全国。 67 tablet of madam super saint Confucius. [封至圣夫人碑]
68 In 1331 the wife of Confucius was posthumously awarded the title of Madam Super Saint(孔子之妻被加封为至圣夫人)1331年孔子之妻被加封为至圣夫人
69and a stone tablet was made for her according to the imperial decree (以此旨勒石刻碑) and erected here side by side with the tablet of the four saints (与封四氏碑并列于夫子庙) .
70Dacheng Hall or the Hall of Great Achievements (大成殿) is the main building of Confucian Temple大成殿是文庙的主体建筑，
71and the very place to enshrine and worship Confucius (供奉和祭祀孔子的地方).
72 The hall is a double-eaved and gable-roofed structure in ancient imitation (重檐歇山顶仿古建筑),
73Displayed in the hall there is a huge portrait of Confucius (孔子巨幅画像),
which is the largest one through out the country.
Also put on show are the portraits of Yan Hui (颜回), Zeng Shen (曾参), Kong Ji (孔伋) (the grandson of Confucius) and Mengke (Mencius), the four disciples of Confucius as well as a number of ancient musical instruments.
Hung on the inner walls of the hall there are 38 jade-and-jadeite-carved paintings inlaid with gold, jewelry and mother-of-pearl (罗钿) about the life story of Confucius (孔子生平事迹).
In the temple courtyard (庙院) enclosed by roofed corridors, there is a large open-air terrace (露台), which used to be an altar for holding sacrificial ceremony and performance of songs and dance (曾是祭祀和歌舞的地方). on the terrace there stands a huge bronze statue of Confucius. the forehead of the statue appears a unique wisdom-and-foresight of the great thinker (眉宇间透露出伟大思想家特有的睿智), better making a deep impression on visitors.
Juxing Pavilion At the west of the temple square there stands a hexagonal pavilion (the pavilion with its 6 eaves upturned) called “Juxing”. The name of Juxing means “assembly of stars” (群星汇聚) and “a galaxy of talent” (人才荟萃), because all the men of letters or
well-educated people were regarded as stars over the sky in feudal China. Juxing pavilion was the place for intellectuals to converge on (聚集) and to learn from each other by exchanging their experience in study (切磋学习心得).
Kuixing Pavilion (now called Kuiguang Pavilion) (魁光阁) at the east of Pan Pool lies the Kuixing Pavilion, which is also called the Pavilion of God of Literature (文星阁). The
three-storied hexagonal tower was the place for provincial examination candidates (乡试士子们) to pay worship to Confucius before they sit for imperial examinations (应考前拜孔的地方). Later,the pavilion was turned into a teahouse (茶社) for candidates (考生) to meet friends with tea drinking.
Kuixing is the star at the tip of the bowl of the Big Dipper (魁为北斗星之第一星), one of the 28 constellations over the sky (天上28个星宿之一). It was said to be God of literature
dominating the fortune of culture and education (主宰文运之神) and ,Confucius was regarded as the God. In times of imperial examinations (在科举时代), the examination candidates often came to offer sacrifice to Confucius in the hope of successfully passing the imperial examinations and becoming a provincial graduate (以求中举).
The Palace of Learning (学宫) The Palace of Learning is an architectural complex consisting of Mingde Hall or the Hall of Bright Virtue (明德堂), Zunjing Library (尊经阁), Qingyun Tower (青云楼) and Ancestral Temple for Worshiping the Parents of Confucius (崇圣祠) etc.. The Palace of Learning was an institution of higher learning (高等学府) of the prefecture in ancient times, usually built behind Confucian Temple.
Mingde Hall or the Hall of Bright Virtue (明德堂) was the main hall (正堂) of Palace of Learning ,the place for putting up the list of successful candidates (张悬科第题名榜) in the years of the imperial examination system and was also an assembly auditorium (集会礼堂) for the students to attend lectures on Confucius teachings(圣教)and imperial edicts (上谕) given by
assistant instructor(听训导师宣讲圣教和上谕) after their pilgrimage on the first and the 15th day (朔、望日) every lunar month.
Zunjing Library (尊经阁) was a two-storied building with each having 5 rooms (上下两层各五楹). The upstairs was used to collect the Chinese traditional learning of the Ming Dynasty (明代国学),. The downstairs was the lecture hall (讲堂)，where assistant instructors (训导师) used to give students lectures.
Qingyun Tower (青云楼) and Ancestral temple of Confucius Parents (崇圣祠)
The Qingyun Tower is a memorial temple (祠宇或祠堂) for enshrining educational inspectors (督学) of the past dynasties (青云楼是供奉历代督学使的祠宇). The Ancestral Temple for Parents (崇圣祠) of Confucius was the place for students to offer sacrifices to Confucius parents. But someone also says it is the Saint-Admiring Temple specially for enshrining the deciples of Confucius (是祭祀孔门弟子的专祠).
乌衣巷 刘禹锡
By the Red Sparrow Bridge the wild flowers are spreading, 朱雀桥边野草花，
At the very ends of the Black Robe Alley the sun is setting. 乌衣巷口夕阳斜。
Swallows used to nestle before the Wang and Xie’s manors, 旧时王谢堂前燕， But they are now flying in and out of the houses of commoners. 飞入寻常百姓家。
灯会 the lantern fair
Jiangnan Examination Office: Jiangnan Cultural Center, a symbol of ancient times, people out of the Qing Dynasty, more than half of the national champion.
篇三：南京夫子庙导游词
原文地址：南京夫子庙导游词英文考试版作者：南京导游词
Confucius[k?n’fu∫j?s 孔子] temple[templ寺庙 ] & the Qinhuai river scenic[si:nik风光] area*ε? ri? 地带]
孔庙和秦淮河风光带
1:The Confucius temple, located [lou’keitid位于]at the Qinhuai River scenic[si:nik风景的] area, 孔庙位于秦淮河风光带
2:is a well-known tourist[tu:rist旅游者 ] resort[ri’zэ:t常去度假的地方 ] of the ancient capital Nanjing .
她是古都南京闻名的旅游度假地。
3the river banks of Qinhuai are known for Confucius Temple
秦淮河因孔庙而闻名。
4and jointly[ d3эintli连带地] called the Confucius temple area.
因此也叫夫子庙地区。
5the Confucius temple is no doubt[ daut 怀疑] the most famous.
孔庙无疑是最著名的
6The temple is the place for people to pay worship[w?:∫ip 崇拜] to Confucius.
庙是供人们崇拜孔子的地方
7:The Confucius temple here in Nanjing was first built in 1034
孔庙在南京第一次建于1034。
8and rebuilt[ri:blt重建] in 1986
重建于1986年
9The temple we often mentioned[men∫?n提出] should include[inklu:d包括] three architectural
[a:kitekt∫?r?建筑]complexes[kэmpleks群，综合体]:
我们常提的孔庙应该包括三个建筑群：
10the temple of Confucius with the hall of great achievements[?’t∫i:vm?nt大成] as the main
[mein主要的]body,
孔庙及主体建筑大成殿
11the palace[p?lis宫殿] of learning and the imperial[impi?ri?l帝国] examination [igz?mi’nei∫?n考试]center.
学宫和国家考试中心。
12As early as in 337 A.D.[ei’di:公元],
早在公元337年
13but at that time there was only the palace[p?lis宫殿] of learning without the Confucius temple.
那时仅有学宫，没有孔庙。
14The temple was built up and extended[ikstendid扩大] on the basis [beisis基础]of the palace of learning until 1034.
直到1034年孔庙才在学宫的基础上建立和扩大起来
15The Confucius temple complex[kэmpleks 复杂] covers [kΛv? 包括]the pan[p?n畔] pool[pu:l池],screen[skri:n屏，照壁] wall,the gateway[geitwei通道] of all scholars[skэl?学生，有文化], 孔庙综合包括：泮池、照壁、天下文枢坊、
16juxing[聚星] pavilion[p?’vilj?n亭],Kuixing[魁星] pavilion, Lingxing[灵星 ] gate,
聚星亭、魁星亭、棂星门。
17the hall of great achievements[?‘t∫i:vm?nt 达成] and the gate etc[ =et cetera等等et’set?r? ].
大成殿和大成门等等。
18As the confucius temple in qufu，Shandong province
在山东省曲阜的孔庙
19is built by the side of the pan river,
是建在泮水之滨的
20all the temples of Confucius in the country
所有全国的孔庙
21are built at the riverside
都建在河边
22and the water in front of Confucius temple is called pan pool.
孔庙前面的水叫泮池。
23And this has become a custom[kΛst?m惯例] through[θru：在期间] long usage[ju：sidЗ惯用法]
这形成了长期的惯例。
24this confucirs temple makes the natural stream[stri：m流动] of the Qinhuai river as its pan pool,
这里的夫子庙把秦淮河流动的水作为它的泮池
25which is also called the pool of crescent[kresnt新月] moon “by the local[louk?l当地] people. 当地的人们把它叫着月牙池
26Standing at the southern bank of the pan pool is the screen[skri：n屏] wall,
泮池南边站立的是照壁
27which is 110 meters long and 10 meters high.
它110米长，10米高
28it ranks[r?ηk最高点] top among all the screen walls across[?’krэ：s遍布各地] the county. 它位于全国所有照壁之冠
29The wall was built in 1575 and newly renovated [‘ren?,veit重做]in 1984 .
这个照壁建于1575年，近来重建于1984年
30the function [fΛηk∫n功能]of the wall
照壁的功能
31was to indicate[indikeit表明] that the confucirs’ learning was too profound[pr?faund渊博] to be understood by common[kэm?n普通] folks.[fouk民众]
是表明孔子渊博的学问被普通百姓所接受
the main building of the temple,
另一功能是遮挡住寺庙的主体建筑
give people an impression .[impre∫?n印象]of its grandeur[’gr?n dЗ?辉煌] and magnificence[m?g’nifisns庄严]
以便给人们一个它辉煌而庄严的印象
34The gateway[geitwei入口处] of all scholars[skэl?学者] was first built in 1586 in an imitation[imitei∫?n仿制] of that in Qufu.
天下文枢坊始建于1586年仿曲阜天下文枢坊，
35The meaning of the structure[strΛk t∫?] was to refer[rif?：归于] to Confucius as the hub[hΛb中心] of all writings and ethics[eθiks道德] in ancient times.
它结构的意思是所有文章和道德的中心都归于孔子。
36lingxing gate is also called the gate of etiquette[eti’ket礼仪]
棂星门又叫礼仪门
37specially built for emperors[emp?r?皇帝] to offer[э：f?提供] sacrifice[s?krifais祭祀] to Confucius .
它是专为皇帝祭祀孔子而建的
38the gate built in front of confucius temple
它建于孔庙前
39implies[implai暗指] the meaning of
它的寓意是
40“people of talent[t?l?nt天才] coming forth[fэ：θ涌现] in large numbers[nΛmb?大量] 大量人才涌现
41and stability[st?‘biliti稳定] of the country.”
国家稳定
42Dacheng gate or the gate of great achievements[?t∫ivm?nt达成]
大成门或集大成的门，
43is also called halberd[h?b?d戟] gate,
又叫戟门
44which is the front door of the Confucius temple.
它是孔庙的前门
45As Confucius epitomized[ipit?maiz作为缩影] Chinese culture,
作为中国文化的宿影的孔子
46he was posthumously[pэstjum?死后] granted[gra：ntid假定] the title[taitl称号] of super saint[seint圣徒] Confucius.
他死后被授予至圣先师的称号
47In the entrance[entr?ns入口] hall[门厅] of the gate there are four old stone tablets [t?blit碑]: 在大门的入口门厅有四块古石碑
48The tablets of Confucius asking laozi of the ethical[eθiks道德] codes[koud经].[孔子问礼图碑] 一是孔子请教老子道德经的图碑
49It was made in 484 A.D. during the southern dynasty
它是刻于南朝公元484年
50recorded[rekэ：d记录] on the tablet is the personal[p?s?nl个人] experience[ikspi?ri?ns经验] of Confucius on his visit to Luoyang,
碑上记录的是孔子去洛阳访问的经验
51the capital of the eastern zhou dynasty in 518 B.C.
在公元前518年东周王朝首都
52where Confucius made investigations[investingei∫?n
institutions[institju：∫?n制度] of the zhou
孔子研究了周王朝制度
53and went in quest[kwest寻找] of the ways of how to prosper[prэsp?繁荣] and stabilize[steibilaiz稳定] the country
去寻找了如何繁荣和稳定国家的方法
54and of how to consolidate[k?nsэlideit联合] the power of slave[sleiv奴隶] owners[oun?主人] in the lu state[steit国家]. 研究] on the system of
如何在鲁国联合奴隶主的力量
55The tablet of jiqing Confucius temple.
[集庆孔庙碑]
56In 1308 when the yuan dynasty reigned[rein统治] over the country,
1308年，元朝统治全国
57emperor wuzong issued[i∫iu发布] an imperial[impi?ri?l帝国] edict[i：dikt布告]
武宗皇帝发布了圣旨
58”take education as the state administration[?dministre∫?n管理] of the empire[empai?皇权]” 以兴学作士为王政
59In the next fall when the Confucius temple started to be rebuilt ,
第二年孔庙开始被重建
60lu zhi wrote an inscription[inskrip∫?n碑文] for the tablet.
卢挚为碑撰写了碑文
61but the tablet was not made right away until 22 years later in 1330.
当时没有勒石，直到22年后在1330年
62In the xianfeng years of the qing dynasty,the Confucius temple was burnt down in a war 清朝咸丰年，在战争中被毁，
63and the tablet was missing[misiη失踪]
此碑失踪。.
64during the reconstruction[ri：k?nstrΛkl?n重建] of the Confucius temple in 1986, the tablet happened[偶然发生] to be unearthed[Λn’?：θ发掘] from the underground[地下]
1986年复建文庙时碑在地下被发现
65The tablet of the four saints[封四圣碑]
66In 1331 emperor wenzong of the yuan dynasty granted [gra：ntid加封]the four disciples[di’sai’pl门徒] of Confucius
在1331年元朝文宗皇帝加封孔子的四个门徒
67Yanhui, zengshen, kongji and mengke as 4 saints[] second to Confucius
颜回、曾参、孔伋和孟轲为四亚圣
68and they were carved [ka：v雕刻]on a stone tablet to inform [infэ：m告知]the whole country. 以此刻在石碑上告知全国。
67tablet of madam super saint Confucius.[封至圣夫人碑]
68 In 1331 the wife of Confucius was posthumously awarded the title of Madam Super Saint(孔子之妻被加封为至圣夫人)
1331年孔子之妻被加封为至圣夫人
69and a stone tablet was made for her according to the imperial decree (以此旨勒石刻碑) and erected here side by side with the tablet of the four saints (与封四氏碑并列于夫子庙) .
70Dacheng Hall or the Hall of Great Achievements (大成殿) is the main building of Confucian Temple
大成殿是文庙的主体建筑，
71and the very place to enshrine and worship Confucius (供奉和祭祀孔子的地方).
72 The hall is a double-eaved and gable-roofed structure in ancient imitation (重檐歇山顶仿古
建筑),
73Displayed in the hall there is a huge portrait of Confucius (孔子巨幅画像),
which is the largest one through out the country.
Also put on show are the portraits of Yan Hui (颜回), Zeng Shen (曾参), Kong Ji (孔伋) (the grandson of Confucius) and Mengke (Mencius), the four disciples of Confucius as well as a number of ancient musical instruments.
Hung on the inner walls of the hall there are 38 jade-and-jadeite-carved paintings inlaid with gold, jewelry and mother-of-pearl (罗钿) about the life story of Confucius (孔子生平事迹). In the temple courtyard (庙院) enclosed by roofed corridors, there is a large open-air terrace (露台), which used to be an altar for holding sacrificial ceremony and performance of songs and dance (曾是祭祀和歌舞的地方). on the terrace there stands a huge bronze statue of Confucius. the forehead of the statue appears a unique wisdom-and-foresight of the great thinker (眉宇间透露出伟大思想家特有的睿智), better making a deep impression on visitors. Juxing Pavilion At the west of the temple square there stands a hexagonal pavilion (the pavilion with its 6 eaves upturned) called “Juxing”. The name of Juxing means “assembly of stars” (群星汇聚) and “a galaxy of talent” (人才荟萃), because all the men of letters or well-educated people were regarded as stars over the sky in feudal China. Juxing pavilion was the place for intellectuals to converge on (聚集) and to learn from each other by exchanging their experience in study (切磋学习心得).
Kuixing Pavilion (now called Kuiguang Pavilion) (魁光阁) at the east of Pan Pool lies the Kuixing Pavilion, which is also called the Pavilion of God of Literature (文星阁). The three-storied hexagonal tower was the place for provincial examination candidates (乡试士子们) to pay worship to Confucius before they sit for imperial examinations (应考前拜孔的地方). Later,the pavilion was turned into a teahouse (茶社) for candidates (考生) to meet friends with tea drinking.
Kuixing is the star at the tip of the bowl of the Big Dipper (魁为北斗星之第一星), one of the 28 constellations over the sky (天上28个星宿之一). It was said to be God of literature dominating the fortune of culture and education (主宰文运之神) and ,Confucius was regarded as the God. In times of imperial examinations (在科举时代), the examination candidates often came to offer sacrifice to Confucius in the hope of successfully passing the imperial examinations and becoming a provincial graduate (以求中举).
The Palace of Learning (学宫) The Palace of Learning is an architectural complex consisting of Mingde Hall or the Hall of Bright Virtue (明德堂), Zunjing Library (尊经阁), Qingyun Tower (青云楼) and Ancestral Temple for Worshiping the Parents of Confucius (崇圣祠) etc.. The Palace of Learning was an institution of higher learning (高等学府) of the prefecture in ancient times, usually built behind Confucian Temple.
Mingde Hall or the Hall of Bright Virtue (明德堂) was the main hall (正堂) of Palace of Learning ,the place for putting up the list of successful candidates (张悬科第题名榜) in the years of the imperial examination system and was also an assembly auditorium (集会礼堂) for the students to attend lectures on Confucius teachings(圣教)and imperial edicts (上谕) given by assistant instructor(听训导师宣讲圣教和上谕) after their pilgrimage on the first and the 15th day (朔、望日) every lunar month.
Zunjing Library (尊经阁) was a two-storied building with each having 5 rooms (上下两层各五楹). The upstairs was used to collect the Chinese traditional learning of the Ming Dynasty (明代